SCIENTIFIC PAPERS PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY ASTRONOMY GEOLOGY BY FARADAY, HELMHOLTZ, THOMSON, NEWCOMB, GEIKIE

THE FORCES OF MATTER

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

LECTURE I THE FORCE OF GRAVITAION

LECTURE II GRAVITATION—COHESION

LECTURE III COHESION—CHEMICAL AFFINITY

LECTURE IV CHEMICAL AFFINITY—HEAT

LECTURE V MAGNETISM—ELECTRICITY

LECTURE VI THE CORRELATION OF THE PHYSICAL FORCES

THE CHEMICAL HISTORY OF A CANDLE

LECTURE I A CANDLE： THE FLAM—ITS SOURCES—STRUC-TURE—MOBILITY—BRIGHTNESS

LECTURE II A CANDLE： BRIGHTNESS OF THE FLAMES—AIR NECESSARY FOR COMBUSTION—PRO-DUCTION OF WATER

LECTURE III PRODUCTS： WATER FROM THE COMBUSTION—NATURE OF WATER—A COMPOUND—HYDROGEN

LECTURE IV HYDROGEN IN THE CANDLE—BURNS INTO WATER —THE OTHER PART OF WATER—OXYGEN

LECTURE V OXYGEN PRESENT IN THE AIR—NATURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE—ITS PROPERTIES—OTHER PRODUCTS FROM THE CANDLE—CARBONIC ACID—ITS PROPERTIES

LECTURE VI CARBON OR CHARCOAL—COAL-GAS—RESPIRATION AND ITS ANALOGY TO THE BURNING OF A CANDLE—CONCLUSION

ON THE CONSERVATION OF FORCE

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

ICE AND GLACIERS

ADDITIONS

THE WAVE THEORY OF LIGHT

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

THE TIDES

APPENDIX A

THE EXTENT OF THE UNIVERSE

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

GEOGRAPHICAL EVOLUTION

INTRODUCTORY NOTE